Ar stresas gali pakenkti imuninei sistemai?

Does stress damage the immune system? That question can only be answered by discussing the difference between acute (short-term) anxiety and chronic (long-term stress). While acute stress causes reactions within the body including boosting the immune system, lėtinis stresas may impair the immune system.

Apie stresą

Geriau būtų klausti: "Ar stresas trumpam pažeidžia imuninę sistemą?" Ir "Ar stresas kenkia imuninei sistemai ilguoju laikotarpiu?" Organizmo atsakas į ūmų stresą (realią ar tiesioginę grėsmę, pavyzdžiui, susidūrimą su įsilaužėliu), kuris gali būti vadinamas "kovos arba bėgimo" reakcija, apima daugumos organizmo sistemų pokyčius. Kadangi klausimas yra "Ar stresas kenkia imuninei sistemai?", tai susikoncentruosime ties šiomis reakcijomis į ūmų stresą, kurios laikinai sustiprina imuninę sistemą šioje "bėk arba skrisk" situacijoje.

The most noticeable initial result of the burglar’s look is an increase in širdies susitraukimų dažnis. Your body is preparing itself for the possibility you will have to run. The rise in heart rate activates the spleen to release more white and red blood cells. The red blood cells increase your oxygen supply, while the white blood cells will be crucial for boosting the immune system, if you happen to fall or the burglar strikes you.

Kas vyksta?

Portions of the brain activate the creation and release of cortisol, a primary stress hormonų, which dampens less important areas of the immune system, so that white blood cells and other infection fighters may be made to the regions of the body where injury or disease are most likely to happen, namely oda, kaulų čiulpus ir limfmazgius, taip veiksmingai laikinai sustiprindami imuninę sistemą. Kai tiesioginis pavojus praeina, organizmo sistemos grįžta į normalią būseną.

Taigi atsakymas į klausimą, ar stresas kenkia imuninei sistemai trumpuoju laikotarpiu, yra "ne". Stiprus stresas suaktyvina natūralias organizmo gynybos sistemas ir, nors tai padeda laikinai sustiprinti imuninę sistemą, imuninei sistemai nekenkia. Tačiau lėtinis stresas yra kitokia istorija. Ar stresas ilgainiui kenkia imuninei sistemai? Gali, jei nuolatinės stresinės aplinkybės, pavyzdžiui, didelę įtampą keliantis darbas ar nelaimingi santykiai, neleidžia organizmui grįžti į normalią atsipalaidavimo būseną.

Nepamirškite

Rather than boosting the immune system, chronic stress seems to blunt the immune response, increase the rizika for infections and impair an individual’s response to immunizations. Studies have shown that people under chronic stress tend to have lower than normal white blood cell counts, are prone to colds and other viruses, take longer to recover from them and experience worse symptoms than those who don’t have high stress levels.

If you’re concerned about the reply to this question; does stress damage the immune system, you might believe you are in a stressful situation over which you don’t have any control. It might be impossible to leave a high pressure job so as to lower your anxiety level and if doing so would cause financial difficulties, you might actually increase your anxiety level. Good nutrition, regular pratimai and particular sveikatos papildai might help you protect yourself from the effects of chronic stress by naturally boosting the immune system and allowing the body to return to a relaxed state.